New Digital Collections: Carol Hardgrove Papers and Hulda Evelyn Thelander Papers

The UCSF Library Archives and Special Collections is pleased to announce the digitization of the Carol Hardgrove papers and the Hulda Evelyn Thelander papers. The digitization of the collections is part of our current grant project, Pioneering Child Studies: Digitizing and Providing Access to Collection of Women Physicians who Spearheaded Behavioral and Developmental Pediatrics, supported by the National Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC). The grant supports the creation of digital collections on Calisphere containing materials from five collections held at UCSF. These collections document the life and work of five women physicians and social workers. The finding aids for theses collections are available publicly on the Online Archive of California.

Carol Hardgrove

Carol Hardgrove worked in several nursery and childcare centers and was an educational consultant for Project Head Start from 1966 to 1970. The collection includes correspondence, published and unpublished manuscripts, photographs, and secondary materials on her subjects of interest. One of the items in the collection is an essay, “Play in the Day Care Center” which was written by Mrs. Hardgrove on the interpretation of the word “play”. She writes, “Play means different things to different people; serves different purposes at different stages of development. Play is to the infant, the toddler, and the preschooler the life breath of childhood; the force that carries into experiences of reasoning, relating, rehearsing, and researching. Through play, the child works to understand, to master, to integrate, to try on different roles in fantasy. Children learn through play.”

Another item in the collection is a travel study report called “Parent Participation and Play Programs in Hospital Pediatrics in England, Sweden, and Denmark,” granted by the World Health Organization. She shares her experience in Europe and meeting parents, patients, nurses, psychologists, and physicians. She writes, “I truly learned the meaning of “hands across the sea,” and hope that together, we may continue to work to improve the situation for young hospitalized children and their families.”

hardgrove newspaper
UCSF Journal, February 1978. Carol Hardgrove papers, carton 1, folder 14

Hulda Evelyn Thelander

Hulda Evelyn Thelander, MD, interned at Children’s Hospital in San Francisco, and later became the pediatrics department chief in 1951. During WWII she was a lieutenant commander in the U.S. Navy, retiring as commander and serving as Chief Consultant for Women Veterans, Western Area. Dr. Thelander founded the Child Development Center at Children’s Hospital in 1952 and conducted studies on children with traumatic brain injuries and general pediatric neurology. The papers in this collection consist in large part of correspondence (many with friends and family members), diaries, memoirs, travel accounts, some medical manuscripts and research notes. Several newspaper articles were written about Dr. Thelander praising her hard work helping children with disabilities. She wrote an essay on the history of pediatrics at Children’s Hospital called “The Department of Pediatrics of Children’s Hospital“. She also wrote several guides to inform parents and the community about children with physical disabilities.

From 1967 – 1971, Dr. Thelander attended medical school for a second time. It had been 40 years since she graduated with her medical degree from the University of Minnesota. She kept a diary about her experience returning to medical school at UCSF. Additionally, in 1971 she received a special citation from the Gold Headed Cane Society completing medical school a second time.

thelander newspaper
“Gentle Hand With The Handicapped,” undated. Hulda Evelyn Thelander papers, carton 3, folder 81

More to come

Next month we will digitize our last two collections of this project and publish them on Calisphere. Stay tuned for our next update.

COVID Tracking Project Records and Resources Now Available

This announcement is authored by COVID Tracking Project Archive Lead, Alex Duryee

The UCSF Library Archives and Special Collections is pleased to announce that the COVID Tracking Project (CTP) records are available online for research.  The CTP is a crowdsourced digital archive that was managed by a group of journalists at The Atlantic and approximately 500 volunteers who gathered, cataloged, and published state-level COVID-19 data over the first fifteen months of the pandemic. “The COVID Tracking Project was a remarkable and influential initiative — part citizen science, part journalism, part crisis response. I’m thrilled that UCSF Archives has acquired, processed, and made available the digital records of this unique organization,” said Amanda French, a digital archivist and key leader of the CTP at The Atlantic.

In addition to the CTP’s data products, this collection includes its data creation and quality records, organizational records, correspondence, and code repositories. Over 2,100 academic articles have cited data from the collection and federal agencies like the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Open records available

The finding aid on the Online Archive of California describes the entirety of the collection and includes all of the CTP records held by UCSF. Records range from data processing infrastructure and documentation, correspondence with state and territorial health departments, original COVID-19 data captures, and Slack discussions like #gratitude and #emoji-march-madness.  A significant portion of the collection is restricted until 2102 to protect the privacy of CTP members. However, the open records are available for digitally and on-site by appointment within the UCSF Library Archives and Special Collections reading room. 

The final data products from the CTP are available on Dryad, in accordance with FAIR principles:

In addition to the final data sets, UCSF developed a tool for viewing the data as it changed over time.  COVID-19 data was never static. Often reporting schedules were inconsistent around weekends and holidays, and data was either reported late or updated long after the initial release. Another factor was that states continuously changed their data definitions throughout the pandemic. UCSF’s Data Explorer lets researchers view CTP’s data as it was updated, providing a more profound view of the topline numbers. Data Explorer includes references to original data sources (generally screenshots of websites and data files) and daily Slack discussions for each reporting source (available on-site at UCSF).

Oral histories and open source tools

Along with the collection’s files and data, the CTP records include oral histories created by the CTP as it came to a close in 2021.  These oral histories provide a human-centered perspective on the data, the organization, and the pandemic in the United States.  With permission from the interviewees, the oral histories are available via Calisphere.

The UCSF Archives and Special Collections also developed several open-source tools to aid in acquisition, preservation, and access to the CTP materials. CTP used platforms like GitHub, Instagram, and Twitter for public and internal communication.  These platforms do not always provide accessible tools for preserving data; thus, UCSF created tools to download posts and private messages and generate access versions in PDF.  These tools are available on GitHub for use in and development of digital archives.

Inspiring future research and education

This collection was designed in adherence to UCSF Library’s Archives as Data initiative and the broader Collections as Data movement. UCSF Archives and Special Collections developed multiple platforms and pathways to approach the collection.

This way researchers across disciplines can discover and use the records in their work. Whether it is from an epidemiological, social science, or data science lens, CTP archive lead Alexander Duryee acknowledges the powerful insights this collection affords, “We believe that this collection will provide key context for the story of the pandemic and that researchers across disciplines will find it illuminating.” By cross-linking between the archival collection, oral histories, and data sets, the collection encourages deep exploration of the “whats” and “hows” of the CTP and its data.

The collection serves as the foundation of the Data Journalism Course In A Box (DJCB) project, which is building a data science curriculum around the CTP records to support journalism education.  The collection includes a comprehensive view of the data, from its initial publication on agency web pages through quality control and publication. Investigative reporter Tyler Dukes is developing the DJCB with the help of the UCSF team. The curriculum uses CTP data to illustrate to journalists how to work with and analyze real-world public health data and how to communicate complex topics to a broad audience.

Project team members

  • Tyler Dukes, data journalism consultant
  • Alexander Duryee, Covid Tracking Project archive lead
  • Edith Escobedo, UCSF project archivist
  • Polina Ilieva, UCSF Associate University Librarian for Collections and archivist
  • Charlie Macquarie, former UCSF digital archivist
  • Kevin Miller, former Covid Tracking Project archive lead

In addition, the team would like to thank the many collaborators across the University of California system and advisory board members for their contributions to this project.

Funding for The COVID Tracking Project Archive was provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation (Sloan grant G-2022-17133).


UCSF Archives & Special Collections awarded grant to archive data, documents, and social media of The COVID Tracking Project at The Atlantic

UCSF Archives & Special Collections (A&SC) has been awarded a grant from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation to compile and archive the data products, public websites, social media, and select internal documents of The COVID Tracking Project (CTP). The project was a citizen-science initiative housed by The Atlantic magazine which tracked COVID data from March 7, 2020 to March 7, 2021. It had a tremendous impact on public, media, scientific, and governmental understanding of and response to the pandemic. This $249,866 grant will help preserve the products and culture of a unique organization created in difficult times.

Products produced by the CTP include testing, outcomes, and hospitalization data that was used by thousands of news organizations and millions of individuals to understand the early phases of the pandemic. The project’s Racial Data Tracker and Long-term Care Tracker highlighted the different ways the pandemic was impacting people of color and residents of nursing homes and similar facilities. Funding from the grant will help ensure these critical datasets are preserved in Dryad and immediately available to researchers in public health.

As an organization that existed only online, archiving the project will require new approaches to storing data from tools like Slack, Github issues, and Google drive. Unlike digital files similar to a Microsoft Word document, data in these tools have multiple levels of interface and context that is not easily preserved. The grant will support developing tools for archiving these rapidly-adopted forms of communication, and making them open source for other archiving projects.

Every datapoint collected by the project was the result of multiple discussions, revisions, and public inquiry. Capturing the entire history of say, the total number of tests in California on November 22, 2020 requires reviewing Slack threads, Github issues, emails, spreadsheet revisions, and unique tools built by tracking project members. The grant will help build a “Data Explorer” that pulls all these disparate metadata into a single web interface for researchers to understand the many contexts around every datapoint collected by the project.

“We’re extremely proud to support a digital preservation project capturing a remarkable record of online collaboration that also provides a unique blueprint for future archiving initiatives,” says Joshua Greenberg, director of the Sloan Foundation’s technology program. “The team is doing more than just creating a rich and valuable repository of a historic moment—it is generating novel and much-needed methods of storing information from modern technology platforms, an approach that will become invaluable as online collaborations increasingly become the norm.”

This 12-month project is being launched in January 2022 and will be overseen by an advisory board composed of former project staff and advisors with backgrounds in data science, medicine, history, and epidemiology. A&SC would like to thank Amanda L. French, Ph.D., former Community Lead at the COVID Tracking Project and other supporters for their help with this proposal. Kevin Miller will serve as an archive lead for this grant project

About the Sloan Foundation

Logo of the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation

The Alfred P. Sloan Foundation is a not-for-profit, mission-driven grantmaking institution dedicated to improving the welfare of all through the advancement of scientific knowledge. Established in 1934 by Alfred Pritchard Sloan Jr., then-President and Chief Executive Officer of the General Motors Corporation, the Foundation makes grants in four broad areas: direct support of research in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and economics; initiatives to increase the quality, equity, diversity, and inclusiveness of scientific institutions and the science workforce; projects to develop or leverage technology to empower research; and efforts to enhance and deepen public engagement with science and scientists.

About UCSF Archives & Special Collections

The mission of the UCSF Archives and Special Collections is to identify, collect, organize, interpret, and maintain rare and unique material to support research and teaching of the health sciences and medical humanities and to preserve institutional memory. Please contact Polina Ilieva, Associate University Librarian for Collections with questions about this award.

A (very) brief Report back from Society of American Archivists

It’s been a whirlwind last couple of weeks for me as I bounced from conference to conference, but as I settle back in it’s been exciting to collect my thoughts on what I’ve learned. And while it’s still fresh in my memory, this is a brief report back from the largest conference I attended — the annual meeting of the Society of American Archivists (SAA) which was held last week in impossibly-quaint Portland, OR.

Being the digital archivist, I mostly spent my time in sessions focused on processing, preserving, and providing access to digital materials, in all the different forms that can take. One of the most fruitful of these was hosted by colleagues from UCLA, UCB, Stanford’s Hoover Institute, Cornell, and Emory, and was entitled “What we talk about when we talk about processing born-digital.” This session reported on an effort to establish shared definitions for what it means to process born-digital archival collections. Because this field is so new, what is considered “processing” a collection at one institution might be a totally different set of tasks from that performed at another. To address this, the group is attempting to identify which steps are essential or recommended, and assign different processing levels based on these frameworks.

To attempt to break all these steps out in a clear way is an immense amount of work, so I’m incredibly excited that my colleagues have begun to take on this huge task. It will help us all out in a massive way.

UCSF was not without good representation, as our own Polina Ilieva moderated several events — one that was a meeting of the section on Science, Technology, and Health Care archives, and one that was a panel discussion on Collecting and Preserving contemporary science in institutional archives.

Two people in front of a power-point presentation at a meeting of the Science, Technology, and Health Care Section of the Society of American Archivists.

A very poor photo of Polina Ilieva taking over as Senior Co-Chair of the Science, Technology, and Health Care Section of the Society of American Archivists

Finally, some of my most interesting food for thought came from a panel on archival responses to climate change. The panel covered everything from Native Hawaiian community preservation of historic material endangered by sea level-rise, to projects acquiring better data to map which archival repositories are likely to be most affected by a changing climate. Especially pertinent for my work was a presentation urging us as digital archivists to think more explicitly about what kinds of energy use we are engaging through our different preservation practices. Simply put: current digital preservation practices rely on cheap data storage, and cheap data storage relies upon energy from fossil fuels. So where can we start to change that?

More updates soon as we start to engage with all these thoughts more directly at UCSF.

A Report Back from Personal Digital Archiving 2017

Post by Charlie Macquarie, UCSF Archives Digital Archivist

I spent most of last week down the peninsula for the convening of the Personal Digital Archiving (PDA) conference, now in its 7th year, and left with some fascinating thoughts and conversations in my mind. PDA “seeks to host a discussion across domains focusing on how to best manage personal digital material, be it at a large institution or in a home office.” As a result of this focus, it also ends up playing host to all kinds of fascinating new practices and approaches to collecting, preserving, providing access to, and even thinking about personal digital information.

archivists use smart phones to photograph an 8 inch floppy disk reader.

A moment from the Born-Digital Archiving pre-PDA meetup, where archivists hover around a computer built to read 8 inch floppy disks — an almost impossible task these days

The conference covered a huge range of work, and included presentations on different ways to conceptualize digital space (screenshots, video game emulations, the list goes on), projects seeking to allow communities to directly transfer their digital materials to a library collection through apps or interfaces, and even a fascinating assessment of the way that teens store and access information about their personal finances (including the clincher that almost all ages show a tendency to simply discard financial information after a stated financial goal has been reached). Also included were some updates on the sustainability (or lack of it) of some of the field’s pioneering digital archives projects, like the Salman Rushdie papers at Emory University (hint, it’s still people, not machines, that are making it run).

Some presentations particularly interesting to a health sciences institution like our own were those on the self-collection and assessment of health and other biometric data espoused by the Quantified Self movement. Quantified Self is a loosely-organized group who collect and store data about themselves, and then use various computational and creative methods to analyze that data  for self-insights framed as citizen science.

A slide shows in a darkened room as a person gives a presentation on "QS" or Quantified Self.

Gary Wolf gives the keynote on the Quantified Self movement.

Quantified Self (the formal organization) has just embarked on its first experiment to facilitate participants testing and analyzing their own blood, which has brought up a host of questions on the ethics of collecting and making public one’s own health data. Additionally, the project raises questions about the freedoms and constraints that tend to coalesce around these projects of “do it yourself” self-quantification (not to mention the often neglected questions around power and privilege that tinge the conversation around collection of, access to, and work with self-referential data). The approach taken by quantified self practitioners is surely different than ours here in the archives, but we still face similar issues as archivists in a health-sciences university, where historical information mixes with personal narrative and private health data – both in the legal sense and the intimate emotional sense as well.

This forum was a fascinating opportunity to dig a bit deeper into the ideologies and practices behind the collection and preservation of personal digital material, and it seemed fitting that these questions were being explored in dialogue with all the people in the room. One of the biggest takeaways from the conference, after all, was that the tools and technologies to facilitate this work are often the focus of the intrigue and excitement, but that it’s the people who dedicate their time and resources to the endeavor that keep the whole thing running. Just as the Salman Rushdie Digital Collection requires the work of a cadre of dedicated digital archivists at Emory, the future of our digital past will require serious work by a broad and diverse community of archivists, technologists, historians, fanatics, and citizens.

One of the final audience comments was prescient in this regard: “it seems like what might be missing is a discussion of privilege in these projects.” Indeed, any community of practice is unlikely to persist for long if it doesn’t contain a diversity of interests.